In this post, we will learn how to add two matrices using multi-dimensional arrays using C Programming language.
A Matrix is a rectangular array of numbers that is arranged in the form of rows and columns. For example: A Matrix of order 3 x 3 look like this:
1 3 5
4 5 7
5 9 2
To Add Matrices, there are certain rules:
- Matrices should be of same dimension (e.g. – Same no. of rows and columns)
- Matrix Addition is commutative (i.e. A + B = B + A)
- Matrix Addition is Associative (i.e. (A + B) + C = A + (B + C))
We will keep these rules in mind while adding the matrices.
So, without further ado, let’s begin this tutorial.
C Program To Add Two Matrices Using Multi-dimensional Arrays
// C Program To Add Two Matrices Using Multi-dimensional Arrays
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
int a[10][10], b[10][10], sum[10][10], i, j,column, row;
// Asking for input
printf("Enter total no. of rows[Between 1 and 10]: ");
scanf("%d", &row);
printf("Enter total no. of columns[Between 1 and 10]: ");
scanf("%d", &column);
printf("Enter First Matrix: \n");
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
for(j = 0; j < column; j++)
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
printf("Enter Second Matrix: \n");
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
for (j = 0; j < column; j++)
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
// Adding Two Matrices
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
for (j = 0; j < column; j++){
sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
}
// Printing the result
printf("Sum of Two Matrices: \n");
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
for(j = 0; j < column; j++){
printf("%d ", sum[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
Output
Enter total no. of rows[Between 1 and 10]: 3
Enter total no. of columns[Between 1 and 10]: 3
Enter First Matrix:
1 3 5
1 4 6
2 3 5
Enter Second Matrix:
7 4 1
2 4 7
5 2 1
Sum of Two Matrices:
8 7 6
3 8 13
7 5 6
How Does This Program Work ?
int a[10][10], b[10][10], sum[10][10], i, j,column, row;
In this program, we have declared some variables which will store the user inputs.
// Asking for input
printf("Enter total no. of rows[Between 1 and 10]: ");
scanf("%d", &row);
printf("Enter total no. of columns[Between 1 and 10]: ");
scanf("%d", &column);
printf("Enter First Matrix: \n");
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
for(j = 0; j < column; j++)
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
printf("Enter Second Matrix: \n");
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
for (j = 0; j < column; j++)
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
Now, the user is asked to enter the total no. of rows and columns. The user is also asked to enter the element of each of the matrices.
// Adding Two Matrices
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
for (j = 0; j < column; j++){
sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
}
Now, we add the elements of matrices with each other.
// Printing the result
printf("Sum of Two Matrices: \n");
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
for(j = 0; j < column; j++){
printf("%d ", sum[i][j]);
}
Finally, the sum of two matrices is printed using the printf() function.
Conclusion
I hope after going through this post, you understand how to add two matrices using multi-dimensional arrays in C Programming language.
If you have any doubt regarding the program, feel free to contact us in the comment section. We will be delighted to help you.
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